Glossary of Commercial Construction Industry Terminology. A/C CIRCUIT - (Alternating Current) The flow of current through a conductor first in one direction then in reverse. It is used exclusively in residential and commercial wiring because it provides greater flexibility in voltage selection and simplicity of equipment design. ACCELERATOR - Any material added to stucco, concrete, or liquid joint sealant which speeds up the natural set. Open Monday - Saturday 8am-8pm Pacific time: Search by Keyword or Item no. ADHESION – The property of a coating or sealant to bond to the surface to which it is applied. ADHESIVE FAILURE – Loss of bond of a coating or sealant from the surface to which it is applied. AGGREGATE - Crushed stone, slag or water- worn gravel that comes in a wide range of sizes that is used to surface built- up roofs. AIR DUCT – Ducts, usually made of sheet metal, that carry cooled air to all rooms. AIR INFILTRATION – The amount of air leaking in and out of a building through cracks in walls, windows and doors. Laurence is the world leader, wholesale distributor to the Glazing, Industrial, Construction, Architectural, Hardware and Automotive Industries, supplying.
AIR FILTERS - Adhesive filters made of metal or various fibers that are coated with adhesive liquid to which the particles of lint and dust adhere. These filters will remove as much as 9. The more common filters are of the throwaway or disposable type. ALLIGATORING - A condition of paint or aged asphalt brought about by the loss of volatile oils and the oxidation caused by solar radiation. Aluminum generally is limited to the larger wire sizes. Due to its lower conductivity, aluminum wire smaller than No. Aluminum is lighter and less expensive than copper but not as good a conductor. It also breaks easily. AMPS (AMPERES) - The rate at which electricity flows through a conductor. AMMETER - Device to measure the current flowing in a circuit. ANCHOR BOLTS - Bolts which fasten columns, girders or other members to concrete or masonry such as bolts used to anchor sills to masonry foundation. Foundation plates or sills shall be bolted to the foundation with not less than 1/2. ANGLE IRON – A piece of iron that forms a right angle and is used to span openings and support masonry at the openings. In brick veneer, they are used to secure the veneer to the foundation. Also known as shelf angle. ANNEALING – In the manufacturing of float glass, it is the process of controlled cooling done in a lehr to prevent residual stresses in the glass. Re- annealing is the process of removing objectionable stresses in glass by re- heating to a suitable temperature followed by controlled cooling. ANTI- WALK BLOCKS – Elastomeric blocks that limit lateral glass movement in the glazing channel which may result from thermal, seismic, wind load effects, building movement, and other forces that may apply. APRROACH - The area between the sidewalk and the street that leads to a driveway or the transition from the street as you approach a driveway. ARCHITECT - A tradesman who designs and produces plans for buildings, often overseeing the building process. ARCHITECTS RULE (ruler) - Three sided ruler with different scales on each side. Also referred to as a . Asphalt is used on roofs and highways as a waterproofing agent. AUGER – In carpentry, a wood- boring tool used by a carpenter to bore holes. BBACKER ROD – In glazing, a polyethylene or polyurethane foam material installed under compression and used to control sealant joint depth, provide a surface for sealant tooling, serve as a bond breaker to prevent three- sided adhesion, and provide an hour- glass contour of the finished bead. BACKFILL – (1) filling in any previously excavated area. It is used to dig basements and/or footings and to install drainage or sewer systems. BACK NAILING - The practice of nailing roofing felts to the deck under the overlap, in addition to hot mopping, to prevent slippage of felts. BALLOON FRAMING – In carpentry, the lightest and most economical form of construction, in which the studding and corner plates are set up in continuous lengths from the first floor line or sill to the roof plate. BAROMETER - Instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure. BARREL ROOF - A roof design which in cross section is arched. BASE PLY - An asphalt- saturated and/or coated felt installed as the first ply with 4 inch laps in a built- up roof system under the following felts which can be installed in a shingle- like fashion. BATTEN PLATE - A formed piece of metal designed to cover the joint between two lengths of metal edge. BATT INSULATION- Strips of insulation – usually fiberglass, that fit between studs or other framing. BEAD – In glazing, an applied sealant in a joint irrespective of the method of application, such as caulking bead, glazing bead, etc. Also a molding or stop used to hold glass or panels in position. BEAM – Structural support member (steel, concrete, lumber) that transfers weight from one location to another. BED OR BEDDING - In glazing, the bead compound or sealant applied between a lite of glass or panel and the stationary stop or sight bar of the sash or frame. It is usually the first bead of compound or sealant to be applied when setting glass or panels. BELL REDUCER – In plumbing, a fitting shaped like a bell which has one opening of a smaller diameter used to reduce the size of the pipe in the line, and the opposite opening of larger diameter. BELOW- GRADE – The portion of a building that is below ground level. BENT GLASS – Flat glass that has been shaped while hot into curved shapes. BEVEL – (of a door) is the angle of the front edge of a door usually from 1/8. BIDDING - Getting prices from various contractors and/or subcontractors. BID DOCUMENTS – Drawings, details, and specifications for a particular project. BITE – The dimension by which the framing system overlaps the edge of the glazing infill. BITUMEN - Any of various mixtures of hydrocarbons occurring naturally or obtained through the distillation of coal or petroleum. They are mainly caused by the expansion of trapped air, water vapor, moisture or other gases. BLOCKING – In carpentry, the process of fastening together two pieces of board by gluing blocks of wood in the interior angle. BLUE PRINTS- Architectural plans for a building or construction project, which are likely to include floor plans, footing and foundation plans, elevations, plot plans, and various schedules and or details. BOARD FOOT – In carpentry, the equivalent of a board 1 foot square and 1 inch thick. BOND BREAKER - A substance or a tape applied between two adjoining materials to prevent adhesion between them. BOND PLASTER - In addition to gypsum, bond plaster contains 2- 5% lime by weight and chemical additives which improve the bond with dense non- porous surfaces such as concrete. It is used as a base coat. BOW (AND WARP) - A curve, bend or other deviation from flatness in glass. BRACING - Ties and rods used for supporting and strengthening various parts of a building used for lateral stability for columns and beams. BRAKE METAL - Sheet metal that has been bent to the desired configuration. BROWNCOAT - The coat of plaster directly beneath the finish coat. In three- coat work, the brown is the second coat. BTU - British Thermal Unit - The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water through a change of one degree F. BUBBLING – In glazing, open or closed pockets in a sealant caused by release, production or expansion of gasses. BUILDING BRICK - Brick for building purposes not especially treated for texture or color, formerly called . A building permit is specific to the building project described in the application. BULLFLOAT - A tool used to finish and flatten a slab. After screeding, the first stage in the final finish of concrete, smoothes and levels hills and voids left after screeding. Sometimes substituted for darbying. A large flat or tool usually of wood, aluminum or magnesium with a handle. BUTTERFLY ROOF - A roof assembly which pitches sharply from either side toward the center. BUTTERING – In glazing, application of sealant or compound to the flat surface of some member before placing the member in position, such as the buttering of a removable stop before fastening the stop in place. BUTT GLAZING – The installation of glass products where the vertical glass edges are without structural supporting mullions. BUTYL – Type of non- curing and non- skinning sealant made from butylene. Usually used for internal applications. BX - ARMORED CABLE - A factory assembly of insulated conductors inside a flexible metallic covering. It can be run except where exposed to excessive moisture and should not be run below grade. It must always be grounded and uses its armor as an equipment ground. It is difficult to pull out old wires or insert new ones. CCALCIUM CHLORIDE - A chemical used to speed up curing of concrete during damp conditions. CANOPY - An overhanging roof. CANTILEVER - A projecting beam or other structure supported only at one end. CANT STRIP - A beveled support used at the intersection of the roof deck with vertical surfaces so that bends in the roofing membrane to form base flashings can be made without breaking the felts. CAP SHEETS – In roofing, one to four plies of felt bonded and top coated with bitumen that is laid over an existing roof as a treatment for defective roofs. CAPE CHISEL – Tool used to clean out mortar joints on brick. CARBIDE BIT – Tool used to drill holes in brick or block. CAULK – (v) The application of sealant to a joint, crack or crevice. Used for concrete roads and waterproof structures. Standard - 1 part cement, 2 parts sand, 4 parts coarse aggregate. Used for reinforced work floors, roofs, columns, arches, tanks, sewers, conduits, etc. Medium - 1 part cement, 2 1/2 parts sand, 5 parts coarse aggregate. Used for foundations, walls, abutments, piers, etc. Lean - 1 part cement, 3 parts sand, 6 parts coarse aggregate. Used for all mass concrete work, large foundations, backing for stone masonry, etc. Mixtures are always listed Cement to Sand to Aggregate.
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